Cannabis use linked to heart disease risk for both smoking and edibles

Long-term cannabis use in any form has been associated with an increased risk of heart disease, according to a recent study conducted by researchers at UC San Francisco. The study, which was published in JAMA Cardiology on May 28, found that consuming edible cannabis, such as gummies, can have the same impact on cardiovascular risk as smoking marijuana.

The study included 55 participants between the ages of 18 and 50 who were considered “outwardly healthy.” The participants were divided into three groups: regular marijuana smokers, consumers of THC-containing edibles, and non-cannabis users. The cannabis users had been using the substance at least three times a week for a minimum of one year, with smokers averaging 10 years of use and edible consumers averaging five years.

In September 2024, the participants underwent testing to assess their blood vessel function and the impact on the cells lining their blood vessels. The study found that all cannabis users exhibited decreased vascular function, similar to that of tobacco smokers. This impaired vascular function is associated with a higher risk of heart attack, high blood pressure, and other cardiovascular conditions.

Notably, the study revealed that those who smoked marijuana experienced changes in their blood serum that negatively affected the cells lining their blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. This effect was not observed in participants who consumed edible cannabis. The researchers suggested that while both smoking and consuming edibles impact vascular function, they likely do so through different mechanisms.

Dr. Bradley Serwer, a cardiologist not involved in the study, emphasized that the chronic use of THC-containing compounds can have negative health consequences, as supported by previous research. He cautioned that the decision to use cannabis should consider all potential risks and benefits, particularly in relation to cardiovascular health.

Despite the study’s findings, it had limitations, including the small sample size and challenges in standardizing cannabis strains and self-reported cannabis use. The researchers acknowledged the need for further research to better understand the cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use.

In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of recognizing the potential risks to vascular health linked to cannabis use and highlights the need for informed decision-making when considering its use. As researchers continue to investigate the effects of cannabis on cardiovascular health, individuals are advised to weigh the benefits and risks of cannabis consumption carefully.