Low-calorie diets linked to increased depressive symptoms, study finds

A recent study conducted in Toronto, Canada has shed light on the potential negative impact of embarking on a low-calorie diet on mental health. Published in BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health, the research explored how restrictive diets could trigger depressive symptoms. By analyzing data from nearly 29,000 adults who reported their dietary habits and completed a mental health questionnaire as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, researchers found that almost 8% of participants reported depressive symptoms.

The study revealed that individuals who followed a calorie-restrictive diet, including overweight individuals, experienced an increase in the severity of depressive symptoms compared to those who did not adhere to a specific diet. Moreover, those who followed a nutrient-restricted diet exhibited a greater increase in symptoms, whereas men following any type of diet displayed higher somatic symptom scores compared to non-dieters. The researchers concluded that there is a need for tailored dietary recommendations based on factors such as BMI and sex to address the potential implications of widely followed diets on depressive symptoms.

However, Judith S. Beck, PhD, president of the Beck Institute for Cognitive Behavior Therapy, emphasized that the study only demonstrated an association between low-calorie diets and depression, rather than a causation. She highlighted the importance of considering various cognitive, emotional, and behavioral factors that could contribute to depressive symptoms, cautioning against assuming that a few depressive symptoms equate to a diagnosis of depression.

Certified holistic nutritionist Robin DeCicco from New York City underscored the significance of fostering healthy habits when it comes to weight loss. While reducing the consumption of sugary drinks and processed foods is recommended, DeCicco warned against following fad diets that may not provide essential nutrients needed for mental and physical well-being. She stressed the importance of consuming quality calories from whole foods like lean protein, vegetables, fruits, and nuts to support overall health.

DeCicco also highlighted the importance of incorporating essential nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids found in foods such as salmon, avocado, olive oil, and nuts, which play a crucial role in reducing inflammation, preventing disease, and improving cognitive function and mood. She advised individuals with a history of cognitive decline or depression to prioritize these nutrient-rich foods to support their mental well-being while aiming for weight loss.

In addition to maintaining a healthy diet, Beck recommended considering cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to help individuals develop the cognitive and behavioral skills needed to make long-term changes in their eating habits and improve overall health. By combining healthy eating habits with therapeutic interventions like CBT, individuals can enhance their mental and physical well-being while working towards their weight loss goals.

Overall, the study’s findings underscore the importance of approaching weight loss and dietary changes with a focus on overall health and well-being. By prioritizing nutrient-dense foods and seeking support from healthcare professionals, individuals can achieve their weight loss goals while safeguarding their mental health.