Why those in L.A. whose homes were spared in wildfires could still face serious health risks
When Kate Gammon and her family evacuated their Santa Monica, Calif., home due to the recent wildfires, they were unsure of what they would find upon their return. Although they were not under an evacuation order, the deteriorating air quality and volatile fires prompted them to leave on January 8, when the fires were approximately six kilometers away. Four days later, they came back to a house that had been spared from the flames, but were shocked to see a layer of ash covering everything in their yard.
“It’s just raining down on us at night,” Gammon expressed. “They’re sort of like big, white, chunky pieces of ash.”
Researchers have now highlighted the potential health concerns that individuals may face upon returning home after wildfires, even after the initial fire hazard has passed. The massive scale of these wildfires and the burning of various structures can lead to airborne compounds in the ash and smoke, posing health risks to residents.
In California, firefighters are still battling the two largest fires in Altadena and Pacific Palisades, which have tragically claimed the lives of at least 27 people and destroyed over 12,000 structures, including homes, schools, and banks. The Los Angeles County Health Officer has prohibited any cleanup or removal of fire debris until hazardous materials inspections are completed, citing potential exposure to asbestos, heavy metals, and other hazardous substances present in the ash and debris.
As an environmental journalist, Gammon has previously reported on the health hazards associated with ash from wildfires, emphasizing the importance of avoiding direct contact with the ash and wearing a mask while outdoors.
Recent studies have shed light on the impact of wildfires that burn both wildland and urban areas on indoor air quality. Researchers studied the 2021 Marshall Fire in Boulder, Colo., where approximately 1,000 structures were destroyed in eight hours, providing insights into the effects of urban fires like those in Los Angeles.
Colleen Reid, a professor at the University of Colorado, conducted research on the health effects experienced by individuals returning to unburned homes after wildfires. Their findings revealed elevated levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) inside a surviving home impacted by smoke, leading to symptoms such as headaches, dry cough, and itchy eyes.
Cleaning tips provided by experts include opening windows as soon as smoke pollution clears, washing fabrics that may have retained smoke, vacuuming floors with an N95 mask, mopping surfaces with soap and water, and cleaning hidden spaces like attics and basements. Additionally, recommendations involve professional cleaning of HVAC systems, washing furniture, and replacing filters on home HVAC systems or air purifiers to maintain air quality post-wildfire.
By following these guidelines, individuals can effectively clean their homes and mitigate the long-term health risks associated with wildfire ash and smoke exposure.
