Chagas’ disease is spreading in the US, mainly California, CDC study
A little-known disease is spreading in the US, mainly in the state of California, health officials warn. According to a new study published in the CDC magazine Emerging Infectious Diseases, researchers have confirmed human cases of Chagas disease in eight states, recommending that the disease be classified as ‘endemic’.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines a disease as “endemic” when there is a constant presence and/or usual prevalence in a population within a specific geographical area. Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is already endemic in South America and Central America but has now spread to the US, particularly in the South, involving insects and animals.
Chagas disease is a parasitic disease spread by triatomine bugs, also known as “kiss bugs”. The disease is transmitted when droppings of insects infected with the T. Cruzi parasite enter a person’s body through a bite wound or contact with the eyes or mouth.
In the US, transmission of Chagas disease can also occur through congenital infection or organ transplantation. The disease can lead to symptoms such as fever, fatigue, rash, body pain, and swelling of lymph nodes, progressing to digestive problems, heart issues, and neurological complications.
Currently, about 300,000 people in the US have acquired Chagas disease, mainly from Latin America. However, the exact number is unknown as a national prevalence study has never been conducted. The disease is more common in states where the kissing bug is found near human dwellings, including parts of California, Arizona, Texas, Louisiana, and Florida.
Although lab screening tests and treatments are available, many clinicians are not aware of the disease’s transmission in certain communities. Two anti-parasitic medicines, Benznidazole and Lampit, have been approved for Chagas disease treatment in the US.
Preventing the entry of kissing bugs into homes is crucial, including removing harborage sites near the house, sealing door and window access points, and using pesticides judiciously. It is essential to educate healthcare providers about Chagas disease and improve testing, treatment, and management for infected individuals.
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Melissa Rudy is a senior health editor and a member of the Lifestyle team at Fox News Digital. Story tips can be sent to melissa.rudy@fox.com.
