Less acid rain has actually posed problems for Maritime corn crops
Impact of Reduced Sulphur Dioxide Emissions on Corn Quality in the Maritimes
Recent studies have shown that the decrease in sulphur dioxide emissions in the atmosphere has had a significant impact on corn quality in the Maritimes region. Dan MacEachern, a research biologist at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in P.E.I., collaborated with the Atlantic Grains Council in a five-year study from 2018 to 2023 to address issues related to corn quality, specifically focusing on weight.
MacEachern highlighted the importance of producing high-quality corn with optimal feed quality, emphasizing the need for heavy, high test weight corn. Through their research, the team experimented with different fertilizers in various fields across the Maritimes and found that fertilizers containing sulphur yielded the best results.
Environmental Impact on Sulphur Levels
Historically, producers did not have to worry about sulphur deficiency in their crops as it was naturally deposited through precipitation, primarily in the form of acid rain. However, with the implementation of environmental regulations aimed at reducing industrial emissions, such as sulphur dioxide, the levels of sulphur in the atmosphere have decreased significantly.
As a result, farmers now need to ensure that their crops receive an adequate supply of sulphur for optimal growth and quality. Between 1990 and 2022, sulphur dioxide emissions in Canada decreased by 78%, according to data from Environment and Climate Change Canada.
Caitlin Congdon, a field crops specialist with Perennia Food and Agriculture in Nova Scotia, stressed the importance of region-specific research for farmers in the Maritimes. She highlighted the significance of high-quality corn for livestock feed and the potential benefits of increased starch content for energy production.
Practical Solutions for Farmers
As more farmers consider incorporating sulphur into their fields, MacEachern emphasized the importance of conducting soil tests to prevent excessive sulphur runoff into groundwater sources. While there are various sulphur-containing fertilizers available on the market, MacEachern suggested utilizing organic sources such as chicken, hog, and dairy manure, which are readily accessible and commonly used by many farmers.
Many dairy producers in the region already utilize manure for crop fertilization, which can serve as a cost-effective and sustainable source of sulphur for corn production. By optimizing sulphur levels in their fields, farmers can improve the quality and market value of their corn crops, benefiting both livestock feed production and commercial sales.
