Politics

Ottawa to reinstate Arctic ambassador as it faces challenges from U.S., Russia and China in region

Ottawa is finalizing its long-awaited Arctic foreign policy with Inuit leaders ahead of the anticipated release before the end of the year. This comes as Canada faces increasing threats to its sovereignty from China and Russia, and braces for the possibility of a second Trump presidency.

The policy is set to include the reinstatement of an Arctic ambassador, with Foreign Affairs Minister Mélanie Joly working closely with Inuit partners on the selection process. Natan Obed, president of the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK), emphasized the importance of playing a more active role in diplomatic relations with allies and other nation states.

The appointment of an Arctic ambassador will be crucial in navigating challenges such as pressure from U.S. president-elect Donald Trump for Canada to increase defence spending, tensions over Indigenous rights, and threats from China and Russia. The U.S. has already appointed an ambassador-at-large for Arctic affairs, highlighting the strategic importance of the region.

Canada’s new defence policy, which includes a significant increase in defence spending over the next two decades, focuses on addressing threats in the Arctic. However, there are concerns about Canada being perceived as a “free rider” in terms of Arctic security. The region is increasingly becoming a focal point for geopolitical tensions, with Russia and China both asserting their interests in the Arctic.

Russia’s aggressive rhetoric and military exercises in the Far North, along with China’s growing presence in the region, pose significant challenges for Canada’s sovereignty. The development of new icebreakers and a submarine fleet, along with the long-range missile tracking system for NORAD, are steps towards bolstering Canada’s capabilities in the Arctic.

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Inuit leaders have been actively involved in the development of the Arctic foreign policy, advocating for greater infrastructure development in their communities. They hope for new roads, water, and sewer infrastructure, as well as shared use of marine ports and hangars. Collaboration with local communities is essential to ensure that any infrastructure projects are accepted and beneficial for all stakeholders.

The ongoing positive relationship between the Government of Canada and Inuit reflects a shift towards greater Inuit participation in Arctic affairs. Moving away from a history of marginalization and disrespect, the new policy aims to empower Inuit communities and prioritize their interests in Arctic decision-making.

Overall, the finalized Arctic foreign policy will be a progressive strategy that allows for meaningful Inuit participation in shaping the future of the region. By fostering collaboration with Indigenous communities and addressing key security challenges, Canada can strengthen its position in the Arctic and protect its sovereignty amidst growing geopolitical tensions.

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