Wildfire smoke carries short- and long-term health risks, Alberta experts warn
As Alberta braces for another potentially smoky summer due to wildfires, experts are stressing the importance of monitoring air quality and taking measures to safeguard long-term health.
Calgary recently received an air quality warning from Environment Canada as the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) reached dangerously high levels. With fires already burning in parts of Western Canada, the combination of dry conditions and hot weather could escalate the risk of wildfires in the coming months.
Dr. Kerri Johannson, a pulmonary physician based in Calgary, expressed concern over the impact of prolonged exposure to air pollution. She highlighted the risk of developing chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and lung cancer due to inhaling particulates from wildfire smoke.
Wildfire smoke is particularly hazardous as it contains particles from various materials burned in the fire, including trees, tires, and chemicals like fire retardants. When these tiny particles enter the lungs, they can trigger inflammation and spread throughout the body.
Opel Vuzi, a regional air quality and health specialist with Health Canada, emphasized the dangers of wildfire smoke, stating that fine particulate matter can be absorbed into the bloodstream and circulate to other organs, posing serious health risks.
Symptoms of exposure to wildfire smoke can range from eye, nose, and throat irritation to more severe conditions like heart attacks, strokes, and premature death. Vulnerable populations such as seniors, pregnant individuals, infants, and those with preexisting heart or lung conditions are at higher risk of experiencing adverse effects.
To protect against wildfire smoke, individuals are advised to stay indoors, avoid outdoor activities, use HEPA air filters, and monitor the AQHI regularly. Even healthy individuals should take precautions when the AQHI is elevated, as prolonged exposure to particulate matter can have harmful effects.
In addition to staying indoors on smoky days, the Alberta government recommends using HEPA air filters, running air conditioners, and ensuring proper ventilation in homes. When outdoor air quality is poor, seeking refuge in public spaces like libraries or recreation centers can provide relief.
Environment Canada also suggests wearing N95-style masks for added protection against wildfire smoke. By staying informed, taking preventive measures, and prioritizing respiratory health, Albertans can mitigate the impact of wildfire smoke on their well-being.
