Q&A: Norovirus cases are surging Nova Scotia. Here’s how to protect yourself
Norovirus, a highly contagious virus that causes inflammation of the stomach and intestines, is on the rise in Nova Scotia, according to the provincial health authority. While the exact number of cases is not tracked locally, doctors have reported an increase in cases this season.
Dr. Aaron Smith, a provincial medical executive director with Nova Scotia Health, explained that norovirus commonly leads to symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, and stomach cramps. Some individuals may also experience fever, headache, and body aches. Symptoms typically develop one to two days after exposure and can last for one to three days. Despite being referred to as the stomach flu, norovirus is not related to influenza. It is the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide and tends to spread rapidly in close contact settings like households, schools, and healthcare facilities.
While norovirus is a short-term illness for most people, it can be more severe for vulnerable groups such as young children, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Recognizing red-flag symptoms such as severe or persistent vomiting or diarrhea lasting more than two to three days, dehydration, high fever, and blood in stool or vomit is crucial. Seeking prompt medical care is essential for those experiencing these symptoms.
According to the Public Health Agency of Canada’s surveillance program, cases of norovirus have increased above the five-year average in multiple provinces, including Nova Scotia. This rise could be attributed to factors such as increased social interaction, reduced community immunity from previous years, and other environmental factors.
Norovirus spreads through contact with an infected person, consuming contaminated food or water, or touching contaminated surfaces and then touching one’s mouth. Even a small amount of the virus can cause illness due to its high level of contagion. To protect oneself, thorough handwashing with soap and water, avoiding food preparation for others while sick, and disinfecting surfaces with a bleach-based cleaner are recommended. Rest and hydration are typically sufficient for recovery in most cases.
Regarding immunity, individuals may develop immunity to specific strains of norovirus after infection, but it typically lasts only a few months. There are many different strains of norovirus, and immunity to one strain does not protect against others. Proper hygiene and food safety practices are key in preventing norovirus. If feeling unwell, it is advised to stay home, stay hydrated, and seek medical care if necessary, especially if experiencing red-flag symptoms.
In conclusion, norovirus is a highly contagious but preventable illness. By following proper hygiene practices and food safety measures, individuals can protect themselves and others from the virus. If experiencing symptoms or feeling unwell, it is important to seek medical advice and take necessary precautions to prevent further spread of the virus.
