Obesity patients with other conditions ideal candidates for weight-loss drugs
Weight-loss drugs are becoming increasingly popular, with market researchers projecting that the global demand for these medications could reach $150 billion by 2035. Among the most sought-after weight-loss drugs are GLP-1 agonists, such as semaglutides like Ozempic and Wegovy, and tirzepatides like Mounjaro and Zepbound. Originally intended to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, recent studies have revealed additional benefits of these medications, including a reduction in heart disease and dementia risk.
Despite the potential benefits, recent research from Yale shows that only 3% of eligible adults are currently receiving prescriptions for weight-loss drugs. Dr. John Anderson, an internal medicine physician and diabetes specialist, believes that most adults with obesity are good candidates for these medications, especially those with comorbid conditions like type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, and osteoarthritis.
Before being prescribed a weight-loss drug, patients are encouraged to make lifestyle changes in areas such as diet, exercise, sleep, and stress management. Dr. Michael Aziz, a board-certified internist, emphasizes the importance of a healthy, balanced diet as the first step in weight loss. However, some individuals may struggle to lose weight due to factors like injuries preventing them from exercising or a slow metabolism.
Insurance typically covers weight-loss medications for patients with a body mass index (BMI) over 27. Patients are considered overweight with a BMI of 25 to 29.9 and obese with a BMI over 30. Dr. Anderson advocates for making these medications more accessible and affordable to a wider range of patients impacted by obesity, as early intervention can help prevent disease progression.
In addition to obesity and diabetes, ongoing research is exploring the use of weight-loss medications for conditions like alcoholism, addiction, Alzheimer’s, dementia, liver disease, and more. These medications work by reducing cravings, slowing stomach emptying, and impacting the appetite center in the brain. They have also shown promise in reducing the risk of heart attacks, stroke, and fatty liver, as well as improving sleep apnea.
While weight-loss medications can offer significant benefits, they come with potential risks and limitations. Common side effects include gastrointestinal issues like nausea, vomiting, constipation, and diarrhea. Patients with a family history of certain cancers or pancreatitis should avoid these medications, and pregnant women are advised against taking them. It’s essential for patients to understand that weight-loss medications are not a standalone solution but should be combined with healthy eating habits and exercise.
Despite the potential side effects, many doctors report that the benefits of weight-loss medications outweigh the risks. Patients have experienced significant weight loss, improved quality of life, and reduced reliance on medications for conditions like hypertension. By working closely with a physician to explore the potential benefits and risks, individuals can make informed decisions about incorporating weight-loss medications into their overall health journey.
